What is the procedure?

When individuals ingest carbohydrates (sugars), digestion and absorption occurs in the small intestine. If the sugar is not absorbed, intestinal bacteria will ferment the sugar, leading to the production of gas. The most common and easily measurable gases generated by intestinal bacteria are hydrogen and methane. Individuals who suffer from sugar malabsorption or a bacterial overgrowth on the small intestine will feed their sugar to the bacteria leading to the generation of these gases. The gas generated by the bacteria crosses the intestinal lining into the bloodstream. Once in the blood, the gas is carried to the lungs where it is expelled. The gas can then be measured through the breath-testing machine.

In the fasting state, you will drink a pre-measured amount of the sugar in question (most commonly lactose). Prior to and following ingestion of the sugar, breath samples are obtained every half-hour and evaluated by the breath analyzer. The machine gives an immediate readout of the amount of hydrogen and methane present in the breath sample. The entire test lasts approximately 3 hours. You may consider bringing your own reading material. During this time you will be asked to report any symptoms that you experience relating to your condition. Sedation is not required for this procedure. The nurse performs the procedure. Your physician reviews results of the test. You will be able to review the results at an office visit or by phone.